“Guverineri w’umujyi wa Nairobi muri Kenya yahagaritswe azira ibyaha bya Ruswa”
Urugero rwiza ku mugabane wa Africa?
Tariki 6 Ukuboza inkuru yasakaye hose ko Mike Sonko, umuyobozi w’umujyi wa Nairobi ariwo murwa mukuru wa Kenya yatawe muri yombi kubera ibyaha bya ruswa. Ibi bisa nibishimangira gahunda ya Perezida Uhuru Kenyatta yo kurandura ruswa mu gihugu nkuko yabisezeranije abanyagihugu ubwo yatsindiraga manda ya kabiri muri 2017. Guverineri Sonko aregwa kunyereza agera kuri miliyari eshatu n’igice akazikoesha ku giti cye.
Uguhagarikwa kw’abakomeye nkawe muri Kenya ntibisanzwe, cyane ko ruswa yimonogoje muri iki gihugu cyane mu nzego zo hejuru.
Ikigo kirwanya ruswa Transparency International, gishyira Kenya ku mwanya wa 144 mu bihugu 180. Ikinyamakuru BBC kivuga ko kuva Kenya yabona ubwigenge mu 1964 imaze guhomba amadolari y’Amerika agera kuri miliyari 66 agendera muri ruswa. Mu kwezi kwa kabiri 2019, Kenya yarishye miliyoni 210 z’amadolari y’Amerika ku ngomero z’amazi zitigeze zubakwa.Urubanza rwazo rukaba rukomeje.
Si Kenya gusa yugarijwe na ruswa ku mugabane wa Afurika. Inyigo y’umuryango w’ubumwe bwa Afurika yasohotse muri 2002 ivuga ko ruswa itwara agera kuri miliyari 150 z’amadolari y’ Amerika umugabane w’Afurika buri mwaka. Ruswa iza mu byambere bishyirwa mu majwi mu gukenya ubukungu bwa Afurika.
Angola, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, na Republic of Congo ni ibihugu biza ku isonga ku rutonde rw’isi mu kurangwamo ruswa nkuko ibipimo bya Corruption Perception Index, bibitangaza. Maine icumbikiye abimukira baturuka muri ibyo bihugu byamunzwe na ruswa. Abahanga bavuga ko abimukira bamwe babiterwa no guhunga ruswa itabahesha amahirwe yo gutera imbere iwabo bityo bakajya mubihugu birangwamo ruswa nkeya. Amerika iza ku mwanya wa 22 mu kutarangwamo ruswa ku bihugu 180 aho iri inyuma y’ubufaransa. Denmark niyo iza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi yose.
Abasirikare 13 b’ubufaransa baguye mu gace k’amajyaruguru ya Afurika kazwi nka SAHEL.
Akarere gakomeje kuba indiri y’iterabwoba muri Afurika.
Abasirikare 13 b’abafaransa nibo baguye mu igongana ry’indege za gisirikare tariki 26 Ugushyingo 2019 ubwo bari mu mirwano yo guhashya umutwe w’iterabwoba wa kisilamu muri Mali. Habarurwa abasirikare bagera ku 4500 b’ubufaransa bakorera muri Mali ndetse n‘ibindi bihugu byo mu karere ka Sahel. Sahel ubusanzwe izwi nk’agace kari hagati y’ibihugu by’ ubutayu bwa Sahara ndetse nibyo mu majyepfo yabwo bikunze bituwe n’abirabura. Bimwe muri ibi bihugu bya Sahel Mali, Tchad, BurkinaFaso, Niger, Mauritania byiyemeje kwishyira hamwe ngo barwanye iri terabwoba byibumbira mu muryango byise G5 Sahel ugamije kubanisha ibihugu ndetse no kurwanya iterabwoba.
Nyuma y’intambara n’imvururu byakuyeho perezida wa Mali Amadou Toumani Toure mu 2012, igihugu cya Mali cyahoze kizwiho amateka akomeye cyahindutse ikutaniro ry’intambara . Nubwo aka gace katari gafiye umutekano uhagije, byahumiye ku mirari havuka indi mitwe y’iterabwoba yica abatari bake abandi bava mu byabo.
Ku nkiko za Mali hari Burkina Faso nayo yiganjemo abaterabwoba nkuko bitangazwa na BBC. Iyo mitwe ni nka Islamic State (IS) Ishami rya al-Qaeda izwi nka Jamaat Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM). Abagera kuri maganatanu barishwe mu bitero naho abagera ku bihumbi maganatanu bakurwa mu byabo kuva mu 2015.
Umutwe Islamic State ukorera muri Mali, Nigeria, Niger na Burkina Faso. Nigeria kandi icumbikiye Boko Haram umwe mu mitwe yanyereje abana b’abangavu ibakuye ku ishuri. Uyu mutwe kandi ukorera ibikorwa byawo mu bihugu bya Chad na Cameron. Abasirikare bane ba Amerika baherutse gupfa muri 2017 baguye mu gico cy’abaterabwoba ba slamic State mu gihugu cya Niger.
Umwanditsi w’iyi nkuru akaba yaragenze mu bihugu bya Chad, ku mupaka wa Nigeria na Niger ahari inkambi z’impunzi zitari nkeya. Izi mpunzi zifite ikizere ko zizasubira mu byazo . Mu gihe abimukira benshi bazanwa n’bikorwa by’itereabwoba, izi mpunzi zo zikomeza kugira icyizere ko aya mabi akorwa n’abaterabwoba azashira umunsi umwe. Zimwe mu mpunzi ziri muri izi nkambi zagizwe incike, abapfakazi n’ibitero by’iyi mitwe mbere y’uko zihitamo gufata iy’ubuhunzi . Abaterabwoba rimwe na rimwe barihinduranya bakinjira mu mirwa mikuru nka Nd’jamena, muri Chad maze bakarasa abantu benshi.
