Inkuru ya Andy O’Brien
Guverineri Janet Mills yashyize umukono ku ngengo y’imari y’inyongera ya miliyoni 519 z’amadolari tariki 10 Mata, izatuma uburezi mu mashuri makuru y’imyuga (community college) buba ubuntu by’iteka ahubwo ikiguzi kikishyurwa na 2% yongerewe ku musoro ku bantu binjiza arenga miliyoni 1 y’amadolari ku mwaka. Iyi ngengo y’imari izatanga kandi amadolari y’ubufasha angana na $300 ku bantu bagera ku 514,000 batuye Maine, ndetse inongere inkunga ya Property Tax Fairness Credit iva ku $1,000 igera ku $1,500 ku bantu bujuje ibisabwa bari munsi y’imyaka 65.
Mills yagize ati: “Iyi ngengo y’imari igomba gutanga ubutumwa busobanutse ku rubyiruko rwose rwo muri Maine: niba witeguye gukora cyane ngo wubake ejo hazaza hawe hano, Maine yiteguye gushora imari mu bikorwa byawe.”
Mu 2024, Mills n’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko bemeje itegeko rituma imyaka ibiri ya mbere ya y’amashuri makuru y’imyuga iba ubuntu ku barangije amashuri yisumbuye vuba. Ubuyobozi bwa Mills buvuga ko iyi gahunda imaze gufasha abanyeshuri 23,000 kwiga no guhugurwa ku buntu. Ingengo y’imari nshya izatuma iyi gahunda ihoraho.
David Daigler, Umuyobozi mukuru w’urwego rushinzwe amashuri makuru y’imyuga muri Maine, agira ati: “Iyi ni impinduka ibaho rimwe mu gihe kinini tubonye mu burezi bw’amashuri makuru muri Maine. Abanyeshuri bazarangiza amashuri yisumbuye babonye amahirwe yo kubyaza inzozi zabo impamo, ibintu bashoboraga kutazageraho bitewe n’ibibazo by’amikoro.”
Mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka, Mills yatanze umushinga w’ingengo y’imari y’inyongera igamije kongera amadolari angana na miliyoni $265, bitewe n’uko leta iteganya kubona amadolari y’imisoro aruta ayo bari biteze. Iyi ngengo y’imari igena kandi andi madolari angana na miliyoni 108 z’amadolari yinjira inshuro imwe, akomoka ku misoro y’ibigo by’ubucuruzi yabaye myinshi kurusha uko byari byitezwe. Ingengo y’imari y’inyongera ikura miliyoni 291 z’amadolari mu kigega kizwi nka rainy day fund, maze hagasigara miliyoni 700 z’amadolari yo kwifashisha mu gihe habayeho igabanuka ry’amadolari yinjira kubera ihungabana ry’ubukungu.
Mills mbere yabanje kurwanya rwose ingamba zitandukanye zo gushyiraho umusoro ku bakire cyane kuva yatangira manda ye ya mbere. Ariko ubu ubwo ari mu matora akomeye yo gushaka guhagararira leta muri Sena ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, akaba ahanganye n’umworozi w’amafi yo mu bwoko bwa oyster witwa Graham Platner, uzwiho gushyigikira cyane politiki zishingiye ku kuringaniza ubukungu, wanateguye igikorwa rusange kiswe “dusoreshe abakire” mu bihe by’ubukonje bishize. Itsinda Mainers for Tax Fairness, rihuza amashyirahamwe y’abakozi, aharanira impinduka mu mibereho, n’ayunganira abatishoboye, ryashyigikiye umushinga w’itegeko ry’umusoro ku bakire cyane LD 1089. Uyu mushinga watanzwe na Depite Cheryl Golek (D-Dist. 99, Harpswell), wemejwe n’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Maine (Umutwe w’Abadepite n’uwa Sena) muri Kamena umwaka ushize, ariko ntiwigeze ushyirwa mu ngengo y’imari kugeza igihe iyi ngengo y’imari y’inyongera yashyiriweho umukono.
Inkunga ivuye mu ngengo y’imari mu gutuma abantu batirukanwa mu nzu, ubufasha mu by’amategeko, SNAP na MaineCare
Amahuriro arengera abafite ubushobozi buri hasi yashimye inkunga ya miliyoni 11 z’amadolari igenewe gahunda yo kwirinda kwirukana abantu mu nzu (Eviction Prevention Program), itanga agera ku $800 ku kwezi ku bakodesha bafite ibibazo by’amadolari kugirango badasohorwa munzu. Kuva iyi gahunda yashyirwaho mu 2024 imaze gufasha abagera ku 1,300 bafite ubushobozi buri hasi kugirango babashe kwishyura amazu yabo bityo ntibayasohorwemo.
Amatsinda aharanira uburenganzira bw’abimukira ashimira cyane guverineri n’abadepite kuba bakomeje gutera inkunga imiryango itanga ubufasha mu by’amategeko ku bafite ubushobozi buri hasi bo muri Maine, ibafasha mu bibazo nko kwirukanwa mu nzu, gufungwa na ICE, kubona inkunga za leta, no guhabwa ubufasha ku bafite ubumuga. Umwaka ushize, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko yatanze inkunga y’umwaka umwe gusa, ariko ingengo y’imari y’inyongera izatuma iyi nkunga ikomeza undi mwaka. Nk’uko bivugwa n’umushinga utanga ubuvuguzi mu by’amategeko ku bimukira (ILAP) ukorera muri Portland, inkunga y’umwaka ushize yafashije uyu muryango kongera ubushobozi bwo kunganira abimukira bafashwe bagafungwa na iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko agenga abimukira n’imipaka (ICE) ndetse na n’abashinzwe kurinda za gasutamo n’imipaka.
Mu gihe cy’ibikorwa byo gufata abimukira byiswe “Operation Catch of the Day” muri Mutarama, ICE yafunze abimukira barenga 200 muri Maine. Nk’uko byatangajwe na Bangor Daily News. Abenshi muri bo bari bafite ubusabe bwabo bugisuzumwa, mu gihe 11 gusa ari bo bari bafite ibyaha byanditse. ILAP ivuga ko yakiriye ubusabe bw’ubufasha buturutse ku bantu bagera kuri 70 bari bafunzwe, kandi itanga ibirego 17 bya habeas corpus. Muri izo dosiye, yavuze ko benshi mu bakiliya babo barekuwe kubera ubufasha bababoneye mu by’amategeko.
Susan Roche, umuyobozi wa ILAP, mu buhamya yatanze mu kwezi gushize yagize ati: “Kugira umunyamategeko mu by’abimukira bishobora kukunganira n’ikinyuranyo hagati yo kugumana uburenganzira bwo kuba muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika cyangwa gusubizwa mu gihugu uhura n’itotezwa no gutandukana n’umuryango.”
Itsinda Maine Equal Justice riharanira uburenganzira bw’abatishoboye ryashimiye Senateri Anne Carney watanze umushinga wo gutera inkunga ubufasha mu by’amategeko, ndetse na Depite Ambureen Rana n’abandi bagize Komisiyo ishinzwe ingengo y’imari kuba baratumye uwo mushinga uterwa inkunga.
ikindi kandi, ingengo y’imari nshya ya leta izafasha mu mu kuziba icyuho cy’amadolari ataratewe inkunga muri SNAP, gahunda ifasha mu kubona ibiribwa na Medicaid, bitewe n’itegeko rya Perezida Donald Trump ryiswe “One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA).” Leta ikeneye aya madolari kugira ngo ishyire imbaraga mu ikoranabuhanga no kongera abakozi bazakurikirana amabwiriza mashya yongerewe muri izi gahunda.
James Myall, impuguke mu by’ubukungu mu muryango Maine Center for Economic Policy (MECEP), agira ati: “Ubushakashatsi bwo mu zindi leta bwerekana ko gushora imari nk’iyi ari ingenzi kugira ngo abaturage ba Maine badatakaza ubufasha bubafatiye runini.” Yongeyeho ko iri tegeko rishyiraho n’ibihano ku makosa mu micungire y’izi gahunda, bigatuma ari ngombwa gushora imari mu bakozi n’ikoranabuhanga.
Myall avuga ko nubwo aya madolari azafasha kugabanya umubare w’abatakaza ubufasha, nta ngingo iri mu ngengo y’imari y’inyongera ifasha abazabura ubwishingizi mu kwivuza n’ubufasha mu kubona ibiribwa. Ishami ry’ubuzima n’imibereho myiza muri Maine rivuga ko abantu barenga 31,000 bashobora gutakaza SNAP na MaineCare (gahunda ya Medicaid muri Maine), bitewe n’ibibazo byo gutanga inyandiko n’izindi mbogamizi, cyane cyane ku bakora imirimo y’igihe gito idahoraho. Iri tegeko kandi rizambura bamwe mu bimukira uburenganzira bwo kubona MaineCare, harimo impunzi, abasaba ubuhungiro, abarokotse ubucuruzi bw’abantu, na babandi bahawe uburenganzira by’agateganyo. Abana n’abagore batwite bazakomeza kuyihabwa. Myall yongeyeho ko nubwo kugabanya amakosa mu micungire bishobora kugerwaho, iri tegeko rishobora guteza Maine igihombo kiri hagati ya miliyoni $35 na $53 z’amadolari buri mwaka guhera mu Ukwakira 2027, amadolari atarateganyijwe muri iyi ngengo y’imari.
Mu gusoza, ingengo y’imari itanga miliyoni $10 z’amadolari yo gukomeza gahunda yo kugabanya igiciro cyo kurera abana (Child Care Affordability Program), izafasha ababyeyi bakora kubona serivisi zinoze zo kurera abana ku giciro gito. Aya madolari azafasha kongera umubare w’abana bemerewe iyi gahunda, ubu ifite urutonde rw’imiryango igera ku 1,000 itegereje. Nk’uko MECEP ibivuga, abantu bagera ku 18,000 bafite imyaka yo gukora muri Maine ntibari ku kazi kubera kubura serivisi zo kurera abana.
Inteko yemeje umushinga Sato ugamije ko imanza zinyura mumucyo muri Maine
Kimwe mu bikorwa by’ibanze ubuyobozi bwa Trump bwihutiye gukora byabaye ugukuraho politiki yari imaze imyaka myinshi ibuza ibikorwa byo gufatira abimukira ahantu nko ku mashuri no kwa muganga. Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Maine yatoye inashyigikira umushinga w’itegeko usaba inzego z’abinjira n’abasohoka gushaka icyemezo cy’umucamanza mbere yo gufatira abantu aho hantu. Umushinga w’itegeko LD 2106, watanzwe na Depite Ellie Sato, usaba ko Umushinjacyaha Mukuru wa Maine atanga amabwiriza ku bakozi bo mu mashuri ya leta, amashuri makuru y’imyuga, za kaminuza, ibigo by’ubuzima bya leta n’amasomero ku buryo bakwitwara mu gihe bahuye na ICE.
Sato agira ati: “Ibikorwa bya guverinoma y’igihugu byo gufata abimukira mu buryo buhubukiwe byateje ubwoba mu baturage bacu, kandi byaranakomeje na nyuma ya ‘Operation Catch of the Day’.” “ ibyo kurinda abaturage biri muri iri tegeko ntabwo ari bishya. Byari bisanzwe biri mu mategeko y’igihugu kuva mu myaka myinshi ishize bitewe n’ikibazo cy’ingutu cy’ubuzima rusange n’umutekano, n’ingaruka zo gufatira abantu ahantu rusange nko ku mashuri no kwa muganga. Uyu mushinga w’itegeko urenda kwemera ko umuntu ari nkundi, bityo urindire umutekano n’uburenganzira buri muturage wese muri Maine.”
Uyu mushinga usaba umushinjacyaha mukuru gutanga amabwiriza asobanutse ku hantu hihariye hatari aha leta nko mu marerero n’insengero, ku bijyanye n’uburyo bwo kurinda uburenganzira bw’abantu hashingiwe ku Itegeko Nshinga. Kuri ubu uyu mushinga uri ku meza ya komisiyo ishinzwe ingengo y’imari utegereje gushyigikirwa. ILAP yavuze ko iri tegeko rizashyiraho uburinzi bukomeye bushoboka ku rwego rwa leta ku bimukira bari ku mashuri, mu masomero no mu bitaro.
Mu itangazo ryayo, yavuze ko mu bikorwa byo gufata abimukira byabaye muri Mutarama, ICE yakurikiranaga abantu hanze y’amashuri, ku byapa by’imodoka no hafi y’ibigo nderabuzima.
ILAP yagize iti: “Umubyeyi w’abana bane yafashwe hashingiwe ku isura ye nyuma gato yo gusiga umwana ku ishuri. ICE kandi yafashe umuforomokazi akaba n’umubyeyi wakoraga mu kigo cyita ku bageze mu zabukuru.”
