Inkuru ya Éloge Willy Kaneza na Rachel Ndjondjo
Nk’uko bitangazwa na FBI, abajura bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga batekeye umutwe abantu batuye muri U.S. ku mutungo urenga miliyari $6.5 binyuze mu gihuha cy’ishoramari mu 2024.
Bubiri mu butekamutwe bw’ishorama buheruka bwabashije kwibasira benshi muri Maine, ndetse n’ahandi mugihugu. Ubwambere bwari ubucuruzi butemewe bukora umuntu yinjiza abandi mu bucuruzi bwa sosiyete y’ishoramari ry’igihuha izwi nka Lightning Shared Scooter Co., izwi nka LSSC. Ubundi butekamutwe bwari ubwo mu ishoramari ritabaho rizwi nka TXEX, ryavutse nyuma y’uko LSSC isenyutse. Bamwe mu bantu batekewe umutwe rimwe, abandi bawutekerwa muri ubwo butekamutwe bwombi.
Muri Maine, bamwe mu bantu bahombye agera ku $30,000. Itsinda rimwe ry’abashoramari ryiyemeje gukusanya umubare munini w’amadolari, bakusanya agera ku $50,000 – ayo yose bakaba barayahombye.
Nk’uko bitangazwa mu buhamya bwageze kuri Amjambo Africa, isenyuka ry’ishoramari rya LSSC na TXEX ryasize imiryango isanzwe itorohewe no kubona ubushobozi bubatunga ukwezi kose mu bibazo bikomeye by’ubukungu ndetse n’ agahinda gakabije.
Igihuha giteguye neza
LSSC yizezaga abakoresha interineti amahirwe yo gukodesha utugare duto tuzwi nka “scooters” mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga muri Asia. Abashoramari babwirwaga ko icyo bakeneye gukora cyonyine ari ukubitsa amadolari, ubundi bagategereza kwinjiza amadolari buri munsi, inyungu yashoboraga kurenga $150 ku munsi. Ubu butekamutwe bwari bwarateguranywe ubuhanga, bufite ububiko butabaho mu mijyi itandukanye, ndetse barateguye ama video arimo n’ay’ibirundo binini by’amadolari ndetse n’abantu bakina ibisa n’ukuri kuburyo wabonaga ari byo rwose.
Ubutekamutwe bukorewe ku ikoranabuhanga bwakomeje kugenda buhindura amayeri mu myaka ishize, hamwe n’umwaduko w’ubwenge buhimbano (AI), abayobozi bari kuburira abantu ko kuvumbura ubutekamutwe bugamije kwiba abantu utwabo bikomeje kugorana kurusha mbere. Abantu barasabwa kuba maso cyane igihe babonye amahirwe bigaragara ko ari meza cyane birenze ibisanzwe.
Ikizere n’ubunyangamugayo byaratakaye
Umwe mubatekewe umutwe wo muri Maine witwa Barahinduka yagize ati: “Bwari ubwambere ngwa mu mutego nk’uyu,”. Akomeza agira ati “inshuti yansabye kujyamo, maze indi nshuti inshyiriramo amadolari. Abantu bari baratwawe cyane kuburyo bashoboraga gukora igishoboka cyose kugirango bene wabo n’abo baziranye binjiremo.”
Tambwe, umwe mubatekewe umutwe, asobanura uburyo yisanze ari gushishikariza abantu gushora muri LSSC.
“Ibintu byose byasaga n’ukuri: kwiyandikisha, urubuga, abashinzwe gufasha abakiriya bakora neza …. Maze gushora no kubona inyungu yambere, natangiye kubibwira abandi. Nari nzi rwose ko ndi gufasha abantu kubona amahirwe meza.”
Abantu bo mu byiciro byose muri Amerika baguye muri uyu mutego, uhereye kubanyamadini, ba mayors, abakorera polisi ukagera kubantu batunzwe umushahara udahinduka bari basanzwe bagorwa no kubona amadolari abafasha ukwezi kose. Aba bantu rero nibo bagiye babwira inshuti n’abo bakorana gushora, bibwira ko bari gufasha abo bakunda. Bigitangira, ntabwo bari baziko bari gukwirakwiza ubutekamutwe. Gusa nyuma yaho, abantu bamwe batangiye kubona ibimenyetso by’uko hari ikitagenda.
Tambwe agira ati, “Ubwo bamwe mu [nshuti] batangiraga guhura n’ibibazo mu kubikuza amadolari yabo, natangiye kubona ko harimo ikibazo. Numvise ngize ikimwaro kandi ndicuza, cyane cyane kuri babandi banyizeye. N’ubwo nagaruje amadolari yanjye, numvise mfite uruhare mu gihombo cyabo. Muri bene ubu butekamutwe, ntawe utsinda. Birangira wibasiwe n’ukwicuza, kabone n’ubwo byaba bitagaragara. Ikizere n’ubunyangamugabo biba byaratakaye, ndetse n’ibyangiritse mu muryango biba bidashobora gusanwa.”
Igihombo gikomeye
Aline K., uwatekewe umutwe wo muri Maine avuga ko yatakaje amadolari atiyumvisha uburyo yayahombye.
Agira ati “natakaje byose, nashoye agera ku $2,000, nibwira ko ari uburyo bugezweho bwo kwizigamira. Ibintu byose byari bimeze nk’aho ari ukuri, batanga inyemezabwishyu na za kontaro. Nyamara igihe bafungaga imiryango, ibintu byose byahise bibura. Umuryango wanjye wose wagezweho n’ ingaruka z’iki gihombo. Aya madolari yari ayo guteza imbere ubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Kuri ubu, numva nishinja imbere y’abana banjye. Nifuzaga kubaha ubuzima bwiza, none natakaje ibintu byose.”
Ben N., watekewe umutwe muri LSSC na TXEX agira ati: “bigitangira, ibintu byose byasaga nk’ibikora neza. Natangiye mbona inyungu yanjye ya buri munsi, ibintu byampaye ikizere. Nyamara ibyumweru bike nyuma yaho, sinongeye kubikuza, sinongera kubasha gukoresha app. Nibwo nahise menya ko nongeye gutekerwa umutwe bwa kabiri.”
Avuga ko yakagombye kuba yarakuye isomo mu butekamutwe bwa mbere bigatuma atongera gutekerwa umutwe nanone. “Nsubije amaso inyuma, numva nishinja kuba igicucu. Ibi bintu nari narabyanze kuva mu 2009, kugeza umunsi inshuti zanjye ebyiri zaje zimbwira inkuru nziza cyane. Ndibwira ko ntazongera kugwa muri uyu mutego.”
Kureba ahazaza
Muri U.S., Urwego rushinzwe ubucuruzi bw’umwimerere, rwakiriye amagana y’ibirego bagaragaza ibimenyetso by’ubutekamutwe mu ishoramari rikoresha ikoranabuhanga byo kwitonderwa. Muri byo harimo guhora bahindura imbuga bakoresha, kwizeza ibitangaza, no kutagira ahantu hazwi hemewe bakorera. Umushinjacyaha wa Minnesota, ndetse na polisi yaho, batanze impuruza ku baturage ku bijyanye n’iki kintu mu kwezi kwa karindwi.
Muri Canada, komisiyo y’umutekano muri British Columbia, ubuyobozi bushinzwe ishoramari muri Quebec, ndetse na komisiyo ishinzwe serivisi z’ishoramari na serivisi z’umuguzi muri New Brunswick, baburiye abaturage bababwira ko bakwiye gucunga utwabo.
Kuba maso ni ngombwa cyane – abayobozi babona ko hashobora kuba hari ibiri gukorwa kugirango ubu bushoramari bushukana bwongere butangire mu izina rishya.
Aba batekewe umutwe bombi muri Maine bavuga ko, “abatekamutwe bahora batuvugisha buri munsi. Bavuga ko amadolari yafunzwe, bakavuga ko LSSC [ishobora] kuzongera gukora mu kwa gatatu 2027.”
Icyo wasigarana
Ubutekamutwe bukoresheje ikoranabuhanga bukwirakwira byihuse, bukabyaza umusaruro inzozi zo kubona amadolari byoroshye. Aba bantu bamamara binyuze mu kuba abantu bashonjeye cyane ubukungu, amakuru atari ukuri, ndetse n’ikizere. Ni abantu bigoye cyane kuvumbura.
Impuguke zerekana iby’ingenzi cyane byo kwitondera:
- Itondere abakwizeza ubukire bwihuse,
- Genzura ko bemewe n’amategeko: aderese, ibyangombwa byo gukora, umwirondoro w’abayobozi.
- Vugana n’inzego zigenga nka better Business Bureau.
- Iteka shora ayo wahomba ntibiguhugabanye.
Tambwe asoza ikiganiro agira ati: “niba ubwirwa ko uzabona amadolari menshi nta mbaraga, birashoboka cyane ko ari ubutekamutwe. Aho gutakaza ubunyangamugayo bwawe ndetse n’amadolari y’abandi, wakwemera ugacikanwa n’amahirwe.”
