Inkuru ya Amy Harris
Abantu bose babyaye baba bafite ibyago byo kwibasirwa n’indwara y’agahinda gakabije gakurikira kubyara (PPD), ndetse n’imibare y’abagore bibasirwa n’indwara y’agahinda gakurikira kubyara yarazamutse muri U.S. kuva mu 2010, yikuba inshuro zirenga ebyiri mu bakomoka mu bihugu bivuga igispanish, abirabura, ndetse n’abakomoka mu birwa bya Aziya na Pacific. Nyamara n’ubwo iyi ndwara ariyo igaragara cyane mu zo mumutwe zikurikira ivuka ry’umwana, akenshi iyi ndwara yumvwa nabi, ndetse ikaba idasuzumwa bihagije mu bagore, mu miryango, ndetse no mu babaha serivisi z’ubuvuzi.
Bimwe mu bimenyetso bya PPD ni ihindagurika rya kenshi mu byiyumvo, kurira bikunze kugaruka, kunanirwa gusinzira, kunanirwa guhozaho, ndetse no kubura ubushake bwo kurya. Ibindi bimenyetso twavuga nko kwiheba, kwishyiraho amakosa, uburakari bwinshi kandi umuntu atasobanura, kubura ikizere cy’ejo, cyangwa kumva umuntu ntacyo yifitemo mu byiyumvo.
Indwara y’agahinda kibasira abagore bakibyara akenshi igaragara hagati y’ibyumweru 4 na 12 nyuma yo kubyara, gusa ishobora kugaragara kugeza no ku mwaka nyuma y’uko umwana avutse. Abagore bagera kuri umwe mu bagore batanu ashobora kwibasirwa n’ino ndwara, kandi ibimenyetso bishobora gutuma umubyeyi agorwa cyane no kwita ku mwana we. Agahinda gakabije kibasira abagore babyaye gashobora gutuma umubyeyi ananirwa kumenyerana n’umwana bikagira ingaruka ku buzima bw’imibanire ndetse n’imitekerereze by’umwana.
Abagore b’abimukira nabo bibasirwa na PPD
Benshi mu babyeyi batuye Maine bakiri bashya baba bari muri U.S. ari bonyine, badafite ugushyigikirwa kw’abo bashakanye ndetse n’imiryango, ndetse hakiyongeraho kutabona bimwe mu bigize umuco byabateraga kumva bashyigikiwe, bituma abagore b’abimukira bibasirwa cyane n’agahinda gakabije gakurikira kubyara. Aho bakomoka, abagore b’abimukira babaga bashobora kubona abagore benshi babatekera, babafasha kwita ku mwana wavutse, ndetse no kumuha ubufasha bukenerwa nyuma yo kubyara, nyamara ibi ntabwo bikunze gushoboka muri U.S.
Nuna Gleason, umuyobozi mukuru wa Wounded Healers International hamwe na Maine Afro Yoga Project, akaba n’umwimukira uturuka muri Kenya utuye muri Maine, atanga ubuhamya bwe ku gahinda gakabije nyuma yo kubyara. Avuga ko bikiba atamenye ibiri kumubaho. Agira ati “Ntabwo nari mbabaye gusa”. “wagirango mu mutwe harimo nk’ igihu. Ni nk’aho nahoraga ntazi ibyo ndimo, ibintu byambanye byinshi, kandi naniwe cyane mu buryo bwose. Nashoboraga gufata telefone nkarira ndi kuvugana n’umuvandimwe wanjye uri muri Kenya. Nakomezaga kwibaza impamvu nta byishimo byinshi mfite nyuma y’urugendo rurerure rwo gutwita no kubyara”.
Cait Vaughan ni umuyobozi w’umushinga Cultural Doula Program ya In Her Presence. Avuga ko benshi mu bagore b’abimukira baba barahuye n’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina ndetse n’ihungabana bahuye naryo haba mbere yo kuza muri U.S. cyangwa se nyuma yo kugera muri iki gihugu. Gutwita ndetse no kubyara bishobora kongera bigahungabanya uwari warahohotewe bigatuma ibintu birushaho kuba bibi, nk’uko abisobanura. Imibare itangazwa ku rwego rw’igihugu ivuga ko, kimwe cya kabiri cy’abagore bose b’abimukira (imibare yikubye gatatu impuzandengo y’urugero ku rwego rw’igihugu muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe) bahuye n’ihohoterwa.
Indi mpamvu ishobora gutuma umuntu arushaho kugira ibyago byo kwibasirwa na PPD ni ukuba umuntu asanzwe yigirira amarangamutima akorwaho cyane iyo imisemburo ihindutse nk’igihe umuntu yenda kujya mumihango, kuba umuntu mu muryango we hasanzwe harimo abantu bagize ikibazo cy’agahinda gakabije n’umuhangayiko, ugutwita umuntu agahura n’ibibazo (nko kurwara diyabete ifata abagore batwite) cyangwa mu gihe cyo kubyara (nko kubyara ubazwe), kuba umuntu yarahuye n’ihungabana, cyangwa ibibazo by’ubukukungu cyangwa ibyo mukazi.
Ubufasha burashoboka
Agahinda kibasira abagore babyara karavurwa, nyamara inzitizi mu rurimi ndetse n’umuco umuntu atamenyereye bishobora kubangamira ubufasha ahabwa, hakiyongeraho imyumvire ye ku bijyanye n’ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mumutwe, ndetse n’ubushake bwe bwo gushaka ubufasha, haba mu gihe cyo gutwita ndetse na nyuma yo kubyara.
Erin Kilduff, umubyaza akaba n’umuforomo uhugukiwe n’ubuzima bwo mumutwe mu bitaro byita ku mpinja n’abagore muri Providence, RI avuga ko ubufasha mu buzima bwo mumutwe butaboneka bihagije ku miryango yasigajwe inyuma nk’uko bigenda ku bantu basanzwe. Nyamara imiryango yajya mukaga byoroshye nk’iy’abimukira “igerwaho cyane n’iherwa rikabije mu gihe gisanzwe kirangwa n’ihezwa,” nk’uko bisobanurwa na Kilduff.
Ndetse n’igihe ubufasha Buhari, abimukira bashobora kudashyira imbagaraga mu kubusaba. Nk’uko bivugwa na Mrisa Rosenthal, umuganga wita ku bagore bari kunda n’abari kubyara muri kigo nderabuzima cya Maine muri Portland, avuga ko abagore bamwe banga guhura n’abaganga bakeka ko nibigaragara ko bafite agahinda gakabije, inzego zishinzwe kurengera umwana zishobora kubatwara abana babo. Ubwoba bwo gusubizwa mu bihugu bakomokamo nabwo bushobora gutuma abagore benshi benda kubyara n’abamaze kubyara batitabira gahunda zo kwa muganga, aho bashobora gusuzuma indwara y’agahinda gakabije.
Mu gufasha ku bijyanye no kugenda gake mu gushaka ubufasha, mu 2024, abashinzwe In Her Presence bisunganye na Vaughan na Gleason ngo bashinzwe gahunda ihuza imico irimo abanyamerika bahuguriwe gufasha ababyaye ndetse n’abanyamuryango ba In Her Presence. Doula ni umuntu w’impuguke utanga ubufasha haba ubwo kumubiri, ubwo mumutwe ndetse no kubwo kubona amakuru ku babagana, mbere mu gihe na nyuma y’uko umwana avutse. Mu mwaka wayo wambere, Vaughan na Gleason bose (bombi ni aba doula) bahuguye abanyamuryango ba In Her Presence uko baba aba doula nyamara banagendeye ku mico y’abantu, bakunganira abaganga b’abanyamwuga basanzwe mu gutanga ubuvuzi burushijeho kunoga ndetse bwigengesera ku bijyanye n’ihohoterwa. Abateguye iyi gahunda bifuza guteza imbere iyi gahunda kugirango babashe gutanga ubufasha ku bagore bakomeje kwiyongera bafite agahinda gakabije ka nyuma yo kubyara.
Akenshi uburyo bwihariye ku muntu mu kuvura agahinda gakabije gakurikira kubyara nibwo bwiza cyane. Guhura n’impuguke mu bujyanama ngo umuntu ahabwe ubufasha bwo kuganirizwa ndetse no gufata imiti nk’irwanya agahinda byagaragaye ko ari bumwe mu buryo butanga umusaruro mu kuvura agahinda gakurikira kubyara. Bamwe mu bagore nabo bagiye bamera neza nyuma yo kubasha guhura n’abandi bagore, gusaba ubufasha mu kubafasha abana, bityo bakabasha kuba basinzira. Gahunda yita ku bagore babyaye Postpartum Support International bafite ibyiciro birenga 50 by’ubufasha umuntu yahabwa mu matsinda, harimo ubw’abagize umuryango w’abirabura, abasangwabutaka, cyangwa abo muri BIPOC bahuye n’ihungabana (mumutwe cyangwa/no kumubiri) igihe cyo kubyara.
Imyumvire iri guhinduka
Akato gashobora kubuza umugore w’umwimukira kuvugana n’abandi ku bijyanye n’uko biyumva, nyamara uko abagore benshi baganira ku gahinda gakurikira kubyara ndetse n’ubuzima bwo mumutwe bw’abagore, ni ko ikigero cyo guha akato PPD kigabanuka. Ikirenze icyo, nk’abagore bafite imico itandukanye batinyuka bakavuga ku bijyanye n’ibyo baba bakeneye igihe batwite, babyara cyangwa nyuma yo kubyara, abaganga bazaboneraho kumenya uburyo bwo kubibabonera bujyanye n’imico yabo.
Cait Vaughan yemera ko abagore bose bahuye n’agahinda gakurikira kubyara bakwiye kuganira kuri icyo kibazo n’umuntu bizeye, kubera ko “kuba wenyine nyamara ufite ibyiyumviro bikomeye bishobora gukomerera umuntu kurusha kubiganira n’undi mugore ushobora kumva neza ibyo uri kunyuramo.”
Nuna Gleason yifuza ko abagore bose bamenya ko “nta kimwaro kiri mu gusaba ubufasha. Ntabwo bigaragaza ko uri umunyantege nke – umubiri wawe, imitekerereze yawe, hamwe na roho yawe byahuye n’ikintu kiremereye. Ruhuka igihe ubishoboye. Reka abantu bagufashe. Shaka abantu bawe, n’iyo baba ari bake. Umu Doula, inshuti, umuvandimwe mwavugana kuri telefone – umuntu ukwibutsa ko ukiri wawundi n’ubwo hari ibyo uri kunyuramo”.
Icyitonderwa: Ni gake ababyeyi bashobora kumva bagize agahinda cyane bigatuma batekereza kwigirira nabi cyangwa kugirira nabi abana babo. Ubufasha bwihuse buba bukenewe igihe ibi bibaye bitewe n’uko iki kiba kibaye ikintu cyihutirwa ngo harokorwe ubuzima. Igihe wowe cyangwa umuntu uzi agize ibi bitekerezo biteye impungenge, hamagara 911 cyangwa se numero yo mu gace utuyemo yitabazwa; nimero y’urwego rw’igihugu rushinzwe gukumira ukwiyahura (988) n’urubuga rwa interineti; cyangwa Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita Kubabyeyi Bakibyara kuri 1-800-944-4773 (4PPD), #1 mu Gispanish cyangwa #2 mu Cyongereza.
